Monday, July 15, 2013
What I know about Lithium.
Lithium is an alkaline metal, meaning that it is very reactive. It has 3 protons, 3 electrons, and 4 neutrons. Its atomic number is 3 and it has an atomic mass of 6.941.
Sunday, July 14, 2013
2SBS #9-22 p.151
9. Due to the fact that active metals are more reactive than less active metals, active metals tend to combine with other elements, forming compounds. On the other hand, less active metals usually remain separate.
10. Since silver has a great lack of reactivity, it would be easiest to process.
11. Most metals exist in nature as minerals rather than as pure metallic elements because since most metals are more reactive than metals such as silver, gold and platinum, they tend to combine with other elements, forming compounds or minerals.
12. A calcium metal with chromium (III) chloride reaction would be more likely to occur because calcium metal is more reactive than chromium metal, therefore forming a more likely reaction.
13. Putting the metal zinc into the silver solution would more likely cause a reaction.
14. A. It would be a poor idea to stir a solution of lead (II) nitrate with an iron spoon because it might cause a reaction.
B. Pb^2+(aq) + Fe(s) ---> Pb(s) + Fe^2+(aq)
15. Oxidation is when an ion or other species can be considered to lose one or more electrons. Reduction is a chemical change in which a reactant can be considered to gain one or more electrons.
16. A. Au^3+ + 3e^- ---> Au
B. V ---> V^4+ + 4e^-
C. Cu+ ---> Cu^2+ + 1e^-
C. Hydrometallurgy is the treatment of ores and other metal-containing materials with reactants in water solution. It is used to recover silver and gold from old mine tailings by a process known as leaching.
10. Since silver has a great lack of reactivity, it would be easiest to process.
11. Most metals exist in nature as minerals rather than as pure metallic elements because since most metals are more reactive than metals such as silver, gold and platinum, they tend to combine with other elements, forming compounds or minerals.
12. A calcium metal with chromium (III) chloride reaction would be more likely to occur because calcium metal is more reactive than chromium metal, therefore forming a more likely reaction.
13. Putting the metal zinc into the silver solution would more likely cause a reaction.
14. A. It would be a poor idea to stir a solution of lead (II) nitrate with an iron spoon because it might cause a reaction.
B. Pb^2+(aq) + Fe(s) ---> Pb(s) + Fe^2+(aq)
15. Oxidation is when an ion or other species can be considered to lose one or more electrons. Reduction is a chemical change in which a reactant can be considered to gain one or more electrons.
16. A. Au^3+ + 3e^- ---> Au
B. V ---> V^4+ + 4e^-
C. Cu+ ---> Cu^2+ + 1e^-
17. A. Reduction
B. Oxidation
C. Reduction
18. A. Zn^2 + has been oxidized.
B. Ni has been reduced.
C. Zn.
19. A. K+ has been oxidized.
B. Hg has been reduced.
C. Hg^2+.
20. A. Al + Cr^3+ ---> Al^3+ + Cr
B. Mn^2+ + Mg ---> Mn + Mg^2+
21. A. Electrometallurgy is the use of an electrical current to supply electrons to metal ions, this reducing them.
B. Pyrometallurgy is the treatment of metals and their ores with heat (thermal energy), as in a blast furnace. Carbon (coke) and carbon monoxide are common reducing agents, for they provide electrons, thus reducing the metal ions. C. Hydrometallurgy is the treatment of ores and other metal-containing materials with reactants in water solution. It is used to recover silver and gold from old mine tailings by a process known as leaching.
22. A. Electrometallurgy.
B. Pyrometallurgy.
Wednesday, July 10, 2013
2SAS #26-28, #29-34 p.132; 2SBS #1-8 p.151
26. Metallic elements are most likely to lose electrons than nonmetallic elements.
27. This indicates that they are chemically un-reactive.
28. a. cation
b. cation
c. anion
d. cation
e. anion
f. cation
g. cation
h. anion
29. Copper metal and copper (II) ions are more similar chemically because their only difference is the absence of 2 electrons.
30. 205 pm
31. a. rusting; painting the substance by hand
b. combustion; boiling
c. acids may cause this gas formation; boiling to the point of evaporation
32. a. bromine
b. silicon
33. In comparison, both solving the fish kill and Mendeleev's use of element data to create the periodic table use knowledge of different properties and masses to make hypotheses.
34. Argon would need to be put after potassium, while cobalt would have to be put after nickel to produce a different ordering of adjacent elements.
__________________________________________________________
1. Atmosphere: nitrogen and oxygen.
Hydrosphere: water and dissolved minerals.
Lithosphere: petroleum and metal-bearing oars.
2. A. The crust- thin band of soil and rock
The core- earth's center; extremely hot
The mantle- middle layer of the lithosphere
B. The crust does.
3. A. Mexico
B. Japan
C. China
4. China does.
5. Minerals differ from ores in ways that minerals contain the element or group of elements in interest, while ores contain a mixture of components.
6. -the quantity of useful ore found at the site
-the percent of metal in the ore
-the type of mining and processing needed to extract the metal from its ore
-the distance between the mine and metal-refining facilities and markets
-the metal's supply-versus-demand status
-the environmental impact of the mining and metal processing
7. The demand for gold may have risen and there may have been a gold replenishment.
8. Useful ore refers to the amount of mineral being mined.
27. This indicates that they are chemically un-reactive.
28. a. cation
b. cation
c. anion
d. cation
e. anion
f. cation
g. cation
h. anion
29. Copper metal and copper (II) ions are more similar chemically because their only difference is the absence of 2 electrons.
30. 205 pm
31. a. rusting; painting the substance by hand
b. combustion; boiling
c. acids may cause this gas formation; boiling to the point of evaporation
32. a. bromine
b. silicon
33. In comparison, both solving the fish kill and Mendeleev's use of element data to create the periodic table use knowledge of different properties and masses to make hypotheses.
34. Argon would need to be put after potassium, while cobalt would have to be put after nickel to produce a different ordering of adjacent elements.
__________________________________________________________
1. Atmosphere: nitrogen and oxygen.
Hydrosphere: water and dissolved minerals.
Lithosphere: petroleum and metal-bearing oars.
2. A. The crust- thin band of soil and rock
The core- earth's center; extremely hot
The mantle- middle layer of the lithosphere
B. The crust does.
3. A. Mexico
B. Japan
C. China
4. China does.
5. Minerals differ from ores in ways that minerals contain the element or group of elements in interest, while ores contain a mixture of components.
6. -the quantity of useful ore found at the site
-the percent of metal in the ore
-the type of mining and processing needed to extract the metal from its ore
-the distance between the mine and metal-refining facilities and markets
-the metal's supply-versus-demand status
-the environmental impact of the mining and metal processing
7. The demand for gold may have risen and there may have been a gold replenishment.
8. Useful ore refers to the amount of mineral being mined.
Tuesday, July 9, 2013
Explain what you understand about the periodic table.
I understand that the periodic table is a table that organizes elements. There are several different rows, including atomic weights, atomic numbers, symbols, and more. The vertical columns are called groups or families. Elements on the far right side of the periodic table are un-reactive, while elements on the far left side are reactive.
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